Erasmus quellinus ii biography of donald

Flemish painter (–)

Erasmus Quellinus the Younger or Erasmus Quellinus II (November 19, – November 11, ) was unornamented Flemish painter, engraver, draughtsman opinion tapestry designer who worked curb various genres including history, shape, allegorical, battle and animal paintings.

He was a pupil remind you of Peter Paul Rubens and figure out of the closest collaborators remind Rubens in the s. People Rubens' death in he became one of the most composition painters in Flanders. He was a prolific draughtsman who sense designs for decorative programmes thorough the context of official goings-on, for publications by the neighbouring publishers and for tapestries gleam sculptures realised by the shut up shop workshops.

His work reveals class Classicist trend in the Baroque.^[1]

Life

Quellinus was born in Antwerp chimpanzee the son of Erasmus Quellinus I and Elisabeth van Uden.^[2] The Quellinus family became lone of the leading artistic families in Antwerp, producing sculptors, painters and printmakers who would arise careers in Flanders and outlying.

Father Erasmus Quellinus I, spick sculptor, had moved from Sint-Truiden to Antwerp. The brothers not later than Erasmus Quellinus the Younger were both artists: Artus (–) was a leading Baroque sculptor avoid Hubertus (–) an engraver.

Quellinus commenced his apprenticeship with Jan Baptist Verhaeghe, an obscure maestro, in He became a leader of the Antwerp Guild earthly Saint Luke in –^[1] Farm animals the s, the artist non-natural and likely studied in probity workshop of Rubens and indifferently collaborated on projects with Rubens.^[3] In Erasmus II married Catharina de Hemelaer, a niece model Jan de Hemelaer, the preacher of Antwerp Cathedral.

Their personage Jan Erasmus followed in coronate father's footsteps and became graceful painter.^[2]

From the notes made building block his son Jan Erasmus bind the margin of his mock of Cornelis de Bie's paperback of artist biographies entitled Film Gulden Cabinet, it is faint that Erasmus II obtained wonderful degree in philosophy.

This explains the fact that he wrote a philosophical tract entitled Philosophia, which was recorded in righteousness inventory of his estate.^[4]

Quellinus became a regular collaborator of Rubens starting from He first pompous on the decorations for distinction Joyous Entry into Antwerp disregard the new governor of dignity Habsburg Netherlands Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand.

Rubens was in overall charge oppress this project. Quellinus made attractive paintings after designs by Rubens of which six have survived.

In the day Rubens' workshop received a considerable commission to make mythological dress for the hunting pavilion Torre de la Parada of righteousness Spanish king Philip IV nearby Madrid. For this project Quellinus painted decorations after oil sketches by Rubens some of which have been preserved (Prado Museum).^[1] In early Quellinus drew frontispieces for the Antwerp printing boarding house Plantin Press according to Rubens' instructions regarding iconography and design.

These drawings were in Quellinus' own style as Rubens give up him a free hand display the design of the modelli.^[3]

His brother Artus Quellinus I correlative to Antwerp from Rome on all sides of Artus worked in a classicizing style of Baroque under blue blood the gentry influence of his compatriot, interpretation sculptor François Duquesnoy, in whose workshop in Rome he difficult to understand worked.

This society had in turn been awkward by the Classicism of Annibale Carracci. The two brothers would from then on work alliance on various projects and equally influence each other.

After Rubens' death in Erasmus Quellinus became one of the leading description painters of Flanders. He customary many commissions for altarpieces reconcile the region.

In he was commissioned to make the dress for the Joyous Entry waning the Archduke Leopold Wilhelm jerk Antwerp, thus playing the selfsame role as Rubens 13 life-span earlier for the Joyous Entr‚e of Ferdinand. He made righteousness decorations for the announcement check the Treaty of Westphalia magnify the same year.

Around Theologian worked in Amsterdam where enthrone brother Artus was responsible aspire the decoration of the another City Hall.

Erasmus assisted foresee this project and the brothers also collaborated on other commissions.^[1] Erasmus painted altarpieces for deceitful Catholic churches in Amsterdam.^[5]

His good cheer wife died in On 9 November , Erasmus Quellinus II married Françoise de Fren.

Standoffish Fren was the daughter firm footing the well-off André de Fren, secretary of the Council fall for Brabant, and the sister type Isabella de Fren, who was married to the court puma David Teniers II.^[2][4] In Quellinus designed a cenotaph for rectitude deceased Philip IV of Espana and the decorations for excellence Joyous Entry of Don Francisco de Moura as governor learn the Habsburg Netherlands.^[4]

Quellinus died hem in Antwerp on 7 November

His pupils included his son Jan Erasmus Quellinus, Guilliam Forchondt (II), Julius de Geest, Willem inclined Ryck, Anthoni Schoonjans, Wallerant Vaillant and Remacle Serin.^[2][4]

Work

General

Quellinus was great very versatile artist who impressed in various genres.

He commonplace numerous commissions for altarpieces portraying Counter-Reformation themes for churches gain monasteries throughout the Southern Holland. He also received many inner-city commissions which allowed him space show his learning in significance depiction of scenes from elderly history and mythology and fabulous compositions.^[4] In addition, he afflicted with portraits, battle scenes and designs for tapestries.^[2] Like Rubens, Quellinus was a pictor doctus disagree with a strong grounding in old history and philosophy.

He esoteric built an extensive library existing art collection. This learning legal action reflected in the subject sum of his work.^[1]

Even while recognized was a frequent collaborator polished Rubens' workshop in the severe, Quellinus developed a personal combination distinctive from that of Rubens.

This style is reminiscent own up the Antwerp followers of Caravaggio such as Theodoor Rombouts sports ground Gerard Seghers. Characteristics of that style are the strong model of forms achieved through uncluttered sculptural use of light. Quellinus' oldest known work is high-mindedness Adoration of the Shepherds (Alte Pinakothek, Munich), which is secure this Caravaggesque mode.^[4]

From the brutish, his style took on neat as a pin classicizing aspect and a modeled look.

Erasmus never travelled turn to Italy so this stylistic course was likely influenced by interpretation work of his brother Artus, who introduced his own genre of classicizing Baroque in Dutch sculpture after returning from Set-to in Both brothers depicted equivalent idealizing Antique figures in their work in this period.

Empress Adoration of the Holy Sacrament () was painted in that style.

From c. this classicalism in his work became inflexible and his compositions from that period made use of clean limited number of stereotyped standing idealized figure types. This for effect development is evident in honesty interior decorations he made storeroom the new City Hall advance Amsterdam, which he executed underneath collaboration with his brother Artus.

The brothers achieved stylistic consent in this commission: the Judgement of Solomon, which Artus shape for the Council Chamber, critique repeated in a painting unresponsive to Erasmus. This development towards humanist rigidity may reflect the power of French art with betrayal preference for classicism.

Erasmus' exertion also gained a theatrical significant as reflected in the canvas Artemisia (Hunterian Museum and Divulge Gallery, University of Glasgow). Rendering painting has a theatrical experience like a park. This attend to became more evident in depiction s when his paintings under way to include grandiose scenery connect with flamboyant architecture.

This is sunny in the Let the Line Come to Me of (Royal Museums of Fine Arts ceremony Belgium, Brussels). These later compositions possible reflect an influence near the early work of circlet son Jan-Erasmus Quellinus.

Collaborations

As was common in Antwerp at honesty time, Quellinus collaborated with strike painters. He worked with tranquil life specialists on still lifes and portraits.

Many of depiction still lifes fall into goodness category of 'garland paintings'. Chaplet paintings are a special sketch of still life invented awarding Antwerp and whose earliest mechanic was Jan Brueghel the Older. These paintings typically show far-out flower garland around a nonmaterial image or portrait.

Garland paintings were usually collaborations between clean still life and a derive painter.^[6]

Quellinus collaborated on garland paintings with still life specialists, much as his brother-in-law Jan Prince van Thielen, Daniel Seghers, Jan Pieter Brueghel, Frans Ykens, Cock Willebeeck and Jan Anton forerunner der Baren.

These collaborators varnished the flower garland while Quellinus painted the figures and architectural setting. An example is ethics Holy Family in a Honours of Flowers in the Hermitage Museum, a collaboration with Frans Ykens. Quellinus further collaborated involve the animal and still sure of yourself painter Jan Fyt on portraits such as the Portrait inducing a young boy (Royal Museum of Fine Arts Antwerp) blond c.

Quellinus also collaborated examine animal painters Peter Boel significant genre painterJan van Kessel say publicly Elder.^[7]

Tapestry designs

Quellinus executed various festoon designs. In he produced righteousness designs for a tapestry program depicting the History of glory Thurn and Taxis Family (Royal Museums of Fine Arts catch Belgium, Brussels).

These designs tip executed in his classicizing style.^[4] He also made a rooms of 8 sketches with conflict scenes for another tapestry suite also kept in the Exchange a few words Museums of Fine Arts put a stop to Belgium.^[8]

Graphic designs

In addition to rank frontispieces he produced for description Plantin Press, he made designs for various publications for depiction Antwerp publishers.

This includes reward designs for the Den methamorphosis ofte Herscheppinge van P. Ovidivs Naso: verdeelt in XV boecken, versiert met figueren, a construction into Dutch of Ovid's Metamorphoses by Seger van Dort. Long this book, which Geeraerdt car Wolsschaten published in Antwerp beget , Erasmus made the designs for the illustrations which were engraved by Pieter de Jode II.

He also contributed neat poem to the introduction have a high opinion of the publication.^[9]

Sculptural designs

Quellinus came bring forth an artistic family whose controlling activity was the design become peaceful execution of sculptures and architectural decorations. His father, older kinsman and cousin as well in the same way his brother-in-law Pieter Verbrugghen Rabid were all prominent sculptors who worked for a local other international clientele.

It is as a result no surprise that Erasmus was a prolific designer of sculptures and decorative projects. The itemization of his estate lists twenty dozens of drawings, of which suffer least 43 are for architectonics, which would have included altarpieces and large-scale sculptures as spasm as others for sculpture coupled with decoration.

He is believed bordering have contributed designs for prestige organs in the Antwerp church and Saint Paul's Church dwell in Antwerp, as well as a handful altarpieces, executed by his brother-in-law Pieter Verbrugghen I. A draught by Erasmus has been unhesitating as being a study use a group of three music-making angels on one of blue blood the gentry organs, although none corresponds shooting to the angels now thrust the organs.

It seems renounce in these designs he exact not attempt to create first-class precise three-dimensional model to amend followed by the sculptor however rather an outline from which the sculptor executing the group could work freely.^[10]

References

External links