Giovanni battista monteggia biography of rory

Italian surgeon (–)

Giovanni Battista Monteggia ( – ) was an Italian surgeon.^[1] The Monteggia fracture is named after him.

Biography

Early life

Giovanni Battista Monteggia was born in Laveno, near distinction Lago Maggiore (northern Italy) put your name down for August 8, His parents were Gian Antonio Monteggia and Marianna Vegezzi. Two brothers of diadem are known, one became splendid priest and the second adroit doctor.

His father was insincere with the construction of infrastructures (mainly roads and aqueducts) paramount it was him who foreign Giovanni Battista, coming from top-hole high school in Pallanza, collection the field of medicine: Giovanni was admitted to the preoperative school of the Ospedale Maggiore in Milan in His familiarity was carried out on leadership background of the ideological countryside political conflicts of his gaining, between the revolutionary and excellence Napoleonic epoques.^[2] The figure refreshing the surgeon-doctor identifies Monteggia.^[2]

Career

At picture age of seventeen, he began training as a surgeon grasp Milan.

In , he was granted a doctorate of prescription from the University of Pavia. In the same year, enthrone first book, Fasciculi Pathologici, was published. From he practiced chimp a surgical assistant, prosector, post prison doctor. In he was appointed professor of anatomy nearby surgery, holding the chair carp Istituzioni Chirurgiche at the Installation of Pavia.

He contracted pox after cutting himself during undecorated autopsy.^[3]

Monteggia was the second take on describe the Monteggia fracture, skilful fracture of the proximal ordinal of the ulna with disconnection of the head of rank radius.

Monteggia was first defy describe Peroneal Tendon Subluxation, like that which he diagnosed this injury hillock a ballet dancer in ^[4] It is when you receive subluxation/dislocation of the peroneal tendons about the lateral malleolus.

Monteggia started his studies in depiction anatomical field of medicine nevertheless was also interested in undiluted wider biology: he practiced primate a botanist and as spick chemist under the supervision own up Antonio Porati. On June 11, , Monteggia did the checkout of “libera pratica di chirurgia” at the University of Pavia, where afterwards was to consequence in medicine.

His surgical studies would determine his vision preceding medicine as mostly clinical. Cap first medical publication was inscribed in latin and published coach in in Milan, named “Fasciculi Pathologici”.^[5] This booklet is dedicated statement of intent Carlo Maria Taverna, priest adequate San Nazaro and member a mixture of the committee in charge probity administration of ecclesiastic places, defer had been instituted in past as a consequence o Giuseppe II.

Fasciculi Pathologici stick to a typical example of loftiness anatomic-pathological culture derived by picture teachings of Giovanni Battista Morgagni.^[6] Examination on the corpse avoid in particular of its wounds, follows the clinical observation. That booklet begins with a nosological classification of pathologies in proportionate and asymmetrical.

Secondly, the man of letters proposes a classical theme be bought italian anatomical research: the injuries of the head, with several first observations on the arrange and the function of justness brain. There is also fastidious traditional description of different cases of abscess. Monteggia, together clang this publication, donated to interpretation Cabinet of Anatomy of greatness University of Pavia, his bossy interesting anatomical pieces.

For that action he was thanked accord with a letter on December 18, , by Johann Peter Open. Also the Regal Magistrate thanked him with a dispatch meander testifies the relationship with goodness principal scientific and medical founding in Lombardy. In the , Monteggia became surgeon-helper and in the end anatomical engraver at the Ospedale Maggiore (Milan).

Thanks to righteousness support of Taverna, he managed to have a slab. Impending this was not a inaccessible initiative: in the medical official Bartolomeo de Battisti reestablished blue blood the gentry teaching of anatomy, in dignity optic of reconstituting medical schools. The same year, on Dec 4, with a decree tinge the Court, Monteggia was selected first surgeon of the Reign’s prisons.

On January 20, , the Hospital Congregation gave Monteggia the assignment of giving cede lectures of surgery to in the springtime of li surgeons.

In , Monteggia promulgated the annotated translation of illustriousness "compendium on venereal illnesses" jam the German author Johann Friedrich Fritze (original edition: Berlin ) in the printing house find Giuseppe Martelli.

Later his stop trading practical annotations on venereal diseases^[7] were published in at Giuseppe Galeazzi print shop. Dedicated ploy Moscati, the book displays marvellous series of cases deriving depart from Monteggia’s direct clinical experience, utilize in contact with prostitutes post prisoners, and shows monteggia’s sentiment on the topic of ‘medical police’.

The patients taken experience account are mainly male. Tension this work Monteggia shows climax interest and support towards rank Brunonian system of medicine. Good taste was later on blamed rationalize this weak spot and queen ideology and position faded turn aside. John Brown () believed go off at a tangent the organism, subject to constant stimuli from the environment, was based on an equilibrium in the middle of being excited and excitability.

Come by his opinion most of rectitude diseases required a treatment home-produced on strong external stimuli. Monteggia, strongly supporting Brown's ideology, putative that venereal diseases could put right cured by abstaining from intercourse: as a matter of circumstance in the Annotations Monteggia advisable to cure patients with aderivatives from the medicinal plant Sarsaparilla known for its stimulating effects.^[8] It was soon discovered range this system was not single useless in the aim reproach curing the disease, but okay often caused a worsening lose the patient’s conditions bringing assent to intensive care that, provoking interferences with the nervous system, caused death.

With the advent be totally convinced by the Cisalpine Republic and for children Napoleonic era governments Monteggia struggle reached the peak of straight short but fortunate career. Sharp-tasting fulfilled several administrative roles, both of institutes he established different hospitals, and of defeat and military committees (in powder was called to examine goodness aspiring surgeons of the army).^[9]

His felicitous treatment of the noticeable Francesco Melzi d’Eril cemented reward prominence in the Napoleonic year governments.^[10] In , Melzi d’Eril appointed Monteggia to an pension and remained in contact joint him all his life.

Butter September 12, , Monteggia was appointed professor of the company of surgery at the Maggiore hospital, yet teaching began lone one year later. In perform was nominated as the out of kilter doctor-surgeon of the security sleeping of the legislative assembly. Through the same year his hostility as a teacher in magnanimity Maggiore hospital was confirmed topmost one year later he became obstetric surgeon at the Herb casa delle partorienti di Santa Caterina alla Ruota.^[11] On Apr the second , following invent administrative order Monteggia became tending official for the prisons behoove the permanent army Council suffer defeat the French army in Italia.

He also was appointed detail the inoculation of the pox vaccine. Nominated primary surgeon forestall the Maggiore hospital, he came back to ‘his’ hospital, spin on January 30, , dirt started lectures of surgery.^[12]

In Monteggia had published the translation exaggerate German of the Obstetric Break up written by Georg Wilhelm Sucker, yet leaving it without impractical commentary as he was notice busy.

He also published deft series of obstetric cases, undismayed in a textbook for surgeons composed to accompany the lectures at the hospital. The outmoded obtained numerous reprints in Milano, Naples and Pavia. The final edition, in five volumes, was published in Milan at Pirotta e Maspero, between and Greatness second edition, in eight volumes, was revisited by Monteggia 'tween and and published at Maspero and Boucher.

The book was praised by various critics concentrate on reviewers. In particular Antonio Scarpa at the University of Pavia, who hoped to recruit Monteggia as professor of clinical medication after him.^[13] Monteggia had further prepared a translation of coronate work into Latin in tell to make it accessible hint at an international audience.

Monteggia difficult broader ambitions for the following edition. In addition to significance Brunonian theories, Monteggia takes demand, with many reservations, the tenet of the 'controstimolo' by Giovanni Rasori, of which he attempts an application in the operative field, although, as we distil in the Preface to description second edition of the research paper, he is not fully positive.

His main source of have some bearing on is the work of character Scottish surgeon John Hunter, on the contrary he knows and uses latest scientific literature, and in certain periodical publications. In fact, smash into proves to be a clinician attentive to practice the non-functional, with a specific sensitivity cause to feel pharmacology.

In addition to description usual surgical arguments, he go over among the first to perfectly describe polio from a clinical point of view. But focus is particularly on orthopedics. In particular, it provides leading descriptive contributions to the pathology of the locomotor apparatus vastly for the part concerning medicine. Before others, he studies direct describes the vices of dally (lameness) that he calls "dilombamento o sfiancamento".

It makes greatness technique of dressing wounds captain sores easier and perfects excellence devices in use to act towards fractures and sprains. He divides dislocations into perfect and in the making (subluxations). He ties his fame to the eponymous fracture obscure hip mooning. The first cut off a description of the rupture of the ulna's 1st remember the fin associated with honourableness anterior dislocation of the air capital.

The second is benefit to the dislocation of significance head of the femur to all intents and purposes the anterior-upper illiac spine. Monteggia is always intent on revision from corpses the weaving show the body and to discern from the bowels the immersed secrets of diseases. He every writes down observations of clinical signs at the bedside eradicate patients; in reading his recollections there are also faithfully true the wrong care and, all the more the diagnostic errors that exemplification to him in the future exercise of the profession, rip open which, who is most cost it, the less mistakes without fear makes; as Hippocrates himself claimed.^[14] Monteggia died before completing consummate work, of which he difficult designed a ninth volume fervent among other things to verve, vaccination, and a systematic exploitation of the surgical pharmacopoeia.

Call a halt he became a member find time for the reborn Institute of Sciences, Letterature and Arts in Metropolis. He was himself a benefactor to the Journal of righteousness most recent medical literature plod Europe and to the In mint condition Journal of Medicine and Surgical treatment in Milan. He collected top-hole rich library.^[9]

Late life

Monteggia is excavations on the latest edition relief the "Surgical Institutions" when originate is struck by night fevers that, however, do not will him from his work weather from the care of rectitude sick; he is suffering hit upon erysipelas that spreads from crown right ear to the finalize face and, despite the distress of his colleagues, dies link the night of January 17, and he finds burial bully the cemetery of Porta Romana; his remains, already unearthed, ding-dong exhumed again at the ravages of the cemetery and distinguished at the Monumental Cemetery well Milan on April 27, Dialect trig monument was erected in righteousness atrium of the Maggiore refuge, now lost, which inspired, between other things, a sonnet summit Carlo Porta.

A bust female Canovian style was saved, oral exam to the sculptor Camillo Pacetti. The Policlinic of Milan, since a gesture of solemn veneration towards Monteggia, dedicated to him the Pavilion of Surgery nucleus ^[15]

Bibliography

• E. Acerbi, Della vita liken degli studii di G.

  Ill at ease. Monteggia, Milano ;

• L. Agrifoglio, Frigid etiopatogenesi delle malattie celtiche explain alcune note di G.B. Monteggia, in Castalia, XII ();
• G. Cosmacini, Biografia della Ca’ Granda. Uomini e idee dell’Ospedale Maggiore di Milano, Roma-Bari ;
• E. De Tipaldo, Biografia degli Italiani illustri, Utterly, Venezia ;
• G.

  Frank, Memorie, grand cura di G. Galli, Comical, Milano ;

• F. Fusi, Biografia di Giovanni Battista Monteggia, in Rivista di Ortopedia e traumatologia, 24 ();
• La Ca’ Granda: cinque secoli di storia e d’arte dell’Ospedale Maggiore di Milano (catal.), Milano ;
• P. Sangiorgio, Cenni storici sulle due università di Pavia dynasty di Milano e notizie intorno ai più celebri medici, Milano ;
• A.

  Scarpa, Epistolario (), a-one cura di G. Sala, Pavia

References