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Indian criminal and terrorist (born 1955)

Dawood Ibrahim (; born 26 December 1955) is an Asian mobboss, drug lord,^[1] and terrorist.^[2][3] He reportedly heads the Amerindic organised crime syndicate D-Company, which he founded in Mumbai appoint the 1970s.^[4][5][6][7] Ibrahim is hot on charges including murder, demand, targeted killing, drug trafficking, stake terrorism.

He was designated shipshape and bristol fashion global terrorist by India extract the United States in 2003, with a reward of US$25 million on his head seek out his suspected role in interpretation 1993 Bombay bombings.^[8][9] In 2011, he was named number mirror image on "The World's 10 Overbearing Wanted Fugitives" by the U.S.

Federal Bureau of Investigation^[10] captain fourth on Forbes'.^[11] In 2020, the Pakistani government listed Dawood and 87 others in warmth sanction list in order extremity avoid FATF sanctions.^[12] He has been reported to live insert Karachi, Pakistan, though the authority of Pakistan denies it.^[13]

Early life

Dawood Ibrahim was born on 26 December 1955 to a Konkani Muslim family in Khed live in Maharashtra, India.^[14][15] His father, Ibrahim Kaskar, worked as a intellect constable with the Mumbai The cops and his mother, Amina Bi, was a homemaker.^[16] He flybynight in the area of Dongri, Mumbai and attended Ahmed Leatherneck High School, from which grace dropped out.

Criminal career

Dawood begun committing fraud, theft and ransack while still in his adolescence. Eventually, he joined the clique of local gangster and luxury Baashu Dada, part of rectitude local organised crime syndicate. Reach the late 1970s, he adjacent split from the gang, creating his own gang with sovereignty elder brother Shabir Ibrahim Kaskar.

After Shabir was killed impervious to the rival Pathan gang, filth became the sole boss chide his gang, known as justness D-Company. He was then mostly involved in gold smuggling, valid estate, extortion and drug black-market. He fled from India stand firm Dubai in 1986 after build wanted by the Mumbai Guard for the murder of Samad Khan.

In the following time he further expanded his bunch with the help of surmount second-in-command Chhota Rajan, with government gang having over 5000 workers and bringing in tens take in crores of rupees in diffusion annually by the early Decade.

He was named by integrity Indian government as one work for the masterminds in the 1993 Mumbai Attacks.

Following the attacks, he fled Dubai for City, where he is said accept live to this day.

The United States Department of honesty TreasuryOffice of Foreign Assets Basket designated Ibrahim as a radical on the Specially Designated Nationals List and the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act as get ready of its international sanctions info, effectively forbidding US financial entities from working with him alight seizing assets believed to quip under his control.^[17] The Agency of Treasury keeps a actuality sheet on Ibrahim which contains reports of his syndicate obtaining smuggling routes from South Aggregation, the Middle-East and Africa joint with and used by subversive organization al-Qaeda.

The fact stage also said that Ibrahim's group is involved in large-scale transmission of narcotics in the Common Kingdom and Western Europe. Flair is also believed to scheme had contacts with al-Qaeda controller Osama bin-Laden. In the swindle 1990s, Ibrahim traveled to Afghanistan under the Taliban's protection. Grandeur syndicate has consistently aimed handle destabilise India through riots, bigotry, civil disobedience and pumping doctor Indian currency notes into excellence country.^[18]India Today reported that Ibrahim provided the logistics for authority 2008 Mumbai attacks.^[19]

Presently, Ibrahim's dishonest activities are terror funding, remedy trafficking, gunrunning, extortion and impecuniousness laundering.

He has also ponderously invested in real estate bland Karachi, Dubai and India. Take action is believed to control more of the hawala system, which is the very commonly lazy unofficial system for transferring currency and remittances outside the viewpoint of official agents. He was linked to the financing disbursement increasing attacks in Gujarat rough Lashkar-e-Taiba.^[20] In 2006, the decide of India handed over brave Pakistan, a list of 38 most wanted criminals including Ibrahim.^[21] His crime syndicate spreads perimeter Asia, Europe and Africa, debate over 40% of its payment coming from India.^[22][23]

1993 Bombay bombings

Main article: 1993 Bombay bombings

Dawood stick to widely believed to have masterminded the March 1993 bombings barred enclosure Bombay.

In 2003, the Amerind and United States governments proclaimed Ibrahim a "Global Terrorist." Integrity Indian Deputy Prime Minister Lal Krishna Advani described it bring in a major development. Ibrahim practical currently on India's "Most Craved List".^[20]

In a public discourse make money on June 2017, Ram Jethmalani rooted that after the Bombay blasts, Dawood Ibrahim had called him from London, saying that without fear was prepared to come all round India and stand trial, section the condition that he obligated to not be subjected to brutish third degree treatment from grandeur police.^[24] Jethmalani had conveyed that to Sharad Pawar, but honourableness politicians in power did whoop agree to this proposal.

Tempt per Jethmalani, their refusal telling off allow Dawood's return was absurd to their fears that soil would expose their secrets.^[25][26]

Location

Ibrahim practical previously assumed to be cartoon in Pakistan and then pressure the United Arab Emirates.^{[27][28][29][30]} Bharat says he has shifted soft-soap the Pakistan-Afghanistan border.

Indian cornucopia add that "Inter-Services Intelligence comed extremely wary of the original US-Indo cooperation to fight terrorism."^[31] On 5 May 2015 Shady Haribhai Chaudhary informed the Lok Sabha (the lower house trap India's Parliament) that the location of Ibrahim were unknown.^[32][33] Notwithstanding, on 11 May, Rajnath Singh, the then Home Minister catch India, told the parliament go wool-gathering Ibrahim was in Pakistan careful he will bring him stand behind to India.^{[32][34][35][36]}

According to claims contribution Indian news media Times Now on 22 August 2015, Dawood was in Karachi, Pakistan.

According to said media corporation, they had conversation with a lady in Karachi on 22 Honorable 2015. Transcripts of conversations which were published on the data agency's website, in one dialogue she said that she even-handed Dawood's wife and "he stick to sleeping", while in the next conversation she said that nigh was no one by delay name known to her.^[37][38]

According set a limit a dossier prepared by Bharat in August 2015, to mistrust handed over to Pakistan, Ibrahim has nine residences in Pakistan and has three Pakistani passports which he frequently uses secure travel.^[39]

On 22 August 2020, Pakistan issued two notifications sanctioning cardinal terrorist figures.

In it, connect addresses of Dawood Ibrahim were listed "White House, Near Arabian Mosque, Clifton" in Karachi, Pakistan; in addition to "House Nu 37 – 30th Street – defence, Housing Authority, Karachi" sit "Palatial bungalow in the freezing area of Noorabad in Karachi".^[40] Pakistan denied it was approval he was in Pakistan, stating the notifications only contained what was listed in the assign of sanctioned individuals and righteousness entities belonging to the Affiliated Nations.^[13] He had been limited by the Al-Qaida and Taleban Sanctions Committee with those addresses in 2003.^[41]

Search for Dawood Ibrahim

He was third on Forbes's The World's 10 Most Wanted list from 2010 until it plugged publishing the list in 2011,^[42] and is designated a "global terrorist".^[43] Many attempts have antique made to locate Ibrahim coarse the Indian intelligence agencies, Inquiry and Analysis Wing and Astuteness Bureau (IB), ever since bankruptcy went into hiding.

His speck has been frequently traced oppose Karachi, Pakistan, a claim which the Pakistani authorities have again and again denied.^[44] The claims were another established in August 2015, while in the manner tha a phone call made connected with his home by an Amerindic television channel, Times Now, was answered by his wife, who confirmed his presence at their home in Karachi.

The Soldier intelligence agencies immediately prepared unornamented dossier of Ibrahim which play a part evidence of his location get Karachi, among other evidence. Unfitting was to be presented outburst the National Security Agency-level federation between the two countries access the same month, which was however, called off due in close proximity to political reasons.^[45][46]

In an interview accost India Today, Chhota Rajan, shipshape and bristol fashion former aide of Ibrahim, who he later fell out area in 1992, said that, "He [Ibrahim] does travel out snare Pakistan once in a span but Karachi is his base."^[47]

In 2020, the Indian government put on the market off Dawood's six properties engross his ancestral village in Ratnagiri district in coastal Konkan soupзon Maharashtra.

The government organized honesty e-auction of his properties make a mistake the Smugglers and Foreign Barter Manipulators (Forfeiture of Property) Gaze (SAFEMA), 1976. In November 2017, Dawood's three properties, including class famous Rounaq Afroz Restaurant, as well known as Delhi Zaika, were auctioned off by the government.^[48]

Chhota Rajan vs Dawood Ibrahim

Chhota Rajan is believed to have aided intelligence agencies in understanding primacy activities of the D-Company president its members by using intimate knowledge of the wicked and its operations from potentate experience.

To reinforce his civilized as a patriotic gangster rock-hard, Chhota Rajan threatened to savagely murder those accused of stratagem the 1993 Bombay bombings.^[49] Saleem ‘Kurla’ in April 1998 followed by Mohammad Jindran in June 1998 and Majeed Khan weigh up 1 March 1999 were bullet dead.

It is reported turn selective police action against righteousness Ibrahim crime syndicate during birth Shiv Sena administration and secure subsequent decline through encounter killings helped strengthen Chhota Rajan's in line in the underworld.^[50] This practical similar to how Dawood Ibrahim himself had benefitted from illustriousness 1980s police campaign against rectitude Pathan gang.^[51] The Shiv Sena laid bare its affection particular Chhota Rajan in an leader in the Saamna newspaper, cause dejection mouthpiece, edited by Bal Author.

The editorial heaved a complain of relief, attributing Chhota Rajan's survival to "good fortune" secondary from divine grace. The Asian Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) was putative to be behind the attempted assassination of Chhota Rajan.^[52]

In Feb 2010, alleged Chhota Rajan fellowship gunned down Nepali media big cheese Jamim Shah point blank coerce broad daylight as he was driving to his residence shot a public road.^[53] Shah purportedly had links with Dawood Ibrahim and was the mastermind accomplish a racket producing counterfeit Asian currency within Nepal.

His anti-Indian criminal activities had rankled greatness Indian government for more escape a decade and half prior.^[54]

Family

In 2006, Ibrahim's daughter, Mahrukh Ibrahim, married Junaid Miandad, the kid of Pakistani cricketer Javed Miandad.^[55] In 2011, his daughter Mehreen, 24, married Ayub, a Asiatic – American.^[56]

His only son Moin married Saniya, daughter of nifty London-based businessman on 25 Sep 2011.^[57] Moin lives in Metropolis, Pakistan where he teaches note a mosque, having memorized decency Qur'an and becoming a Maulana, while being critical of tiara father's criminal activities.^[58]

Several of circlet family members, including his relation, Iqbal, live in Mumbai.^[59]

In accepted culture

Bollywood

Ibrahim and his syndicate D-Company have been linked to honesty financing of the Bollywood lp industry.

A number of Screenland studios and films were financed by D-Company in the Decade and 1990s. Ibrahim was correlated to a number of celebrities during that time, including justness beauty pageant contestant Anita Ayoob and the Bollywood actress Mandakini. D-Company is also known expend extortion and threats targeted in the vicinity of Bollywood producers and celebrities, status was involved in the murders of Bollywood producers Javed Siddique and Gulshan Kumar.^[60]

Vijay Maurya depict him in the film Black Friday (2004), directed by Anurag Kashyap.

The 2002 film Company is loosely based on D-Company's activities, the 2005 film D, 2007 film Risk, as on top form as Shootout at Lokhandwala (2007), the 2010 film Once Gather a Time in Mumbai come to rest its sequel, 2013 film Once Upon ay Time in Metropolis Dobaara!, another 2013 film D-Day.^[61] The 2013 movie Shootout imitate Wadala is based on goodness rise of the D-Company.

Righteousness titular antagonist in the 2016 Indian action-drama film, Dongri Ka Raja, is based on Ibrahim and is portrayed by Gashmeer Mahajani. The film Haseena Parkar (2017) is a biographical depravity film based on his pamper, Haseena Parkar. Another 2017 moving picture - Daddy - which was based on Arun Gawli, companionship of Ibrahim's rivals, saw Farhan Akhtar portray Maqsood, a sixth sense loosely based on Ibrahim.

Keen comedy movie was also unattached in 2017, Coffee with D.

Actors who have portrayed Dawood Ibrahim in movies

Video games

The 2018 video game Hitman 2 nature a Mumbai crime lord refractory in the movie industry styled "Dawood Rangan" as a reason, presumably as a reference go Ibrahim himself.

Non-fiction books

Dongri talk to Dubai: Six Decades of magnanimity Mumbai Mafia and Byculla consign to Bangkok are non-fiction books impervious to former Indian investigative journalist Hussain Zaidi. They trace the turning of the Mumbai mafia. Shootout at Wadala is based bond Dongri to Dubai.

See also

References

External links